نشریه مطالعات راهبردی بسیج
پیاپی 49 (زمستان 1389)

The written idea of economical growth and progress dates back to past centuries. Considering the inefficiencies of the criteria for the growth in the volume of the economical activities, and after a while, the problems in distributing income, and its effects on people’s life and other inefficiencies throughout the history, the subject ofeconomical development has always been raised in complimenting the idea of economical growth. In following stages, the provision of fundamental needs and theacknowledgment made of the importance of human factor in development as well as the generations’ rights in utilizing resources and other developmental considerations, and inrecent years the attention paid to institutions and norms with an approach to human abilities and merits have caused concepts including human development, sustainabledevelopment and development with the meaning of freedom (ability in choosing the style of life) to be presented. The comparative study of “Entrepreneur” in the theory of the conventional economical development and the longterm role of the Basiji element in sustaining, consolidating, motivating and resolving of the problems faced by the Islamic Revolution substantiates the hypothesis that the relation between the pure (ideologically ideal) Basij with Islamic-Iranian development is the rational correspondent of the relation between entrepreneurship and conventional economical development. Off course, it is clear that despite the valuable efforts made, the existent Basij organization and the concept presented of Basij in the society do not necessarily conform to the ideologically ideal Basij. Furthermore, providing a road map in parallel with formulating continuous andnecessary steps and guidelines for achieving an optimal Basij are inevitable requirements for the entire regime.

As a dilemma, the crisis of unemployment affects the entire economical, cultural and social aspects of a society, which sometimes leaves irreparable consequences. Experience hasshown that this crisis and its social consequences do not have immediate ideological and moral solutions, nor is eliminating it in a comprehensive, integrated and short-term mannerpossible. Many countries consider entrepreneurship as one of the ways out of this crisis, paying special attention to it. As an institution formed by the body of people and organized in all fields, Basij can make a remarkable contribution to all individuals of the society in the field of entrepreneurship as part of the holy objectives of the Islamic Republic of Iran, specially on account of the fact that this institution has been well expanded among the entire sections of the society, and is highly committed to the ideals held by Islamic Republic of Iran. This article first introduces the concepts and parameters of entrepreneurship, and then sets out to explain the concepts, parameters and capabilities of entrepreneurship, and of developing business in the society by introducing the concepts of Basij with an emphasis on Imam Khomeini's and the Supreme Leader's guidelines. Now, the concepts of value and social entrepreneurship which are consistent with Basij's ideals have been emphasized more. In addition, after finally classifying the ranks of Basij, the present article presents the axes that have priority for the entrance of each of the specified ranks in the form of a matrix.

Iran's economy is undergoing a transition from state economy to people's economy. This structural transformation requires the society to coordinate with economicaldevelopments. On the one hand, economical developments make the society undergo social developments, and on the other, the success of economical developments is contingent upon the society's concordance to developments and their accepting the requirements of the transition period and the new structure. This two-sided relation highlights the role played by the intermediate institutions in the society. One ofthe important economical developments in the society is the transferring of the better part of the government's authorities in the field of economy to people among whose requirements is the development of entrepreneurship. Therefore, one of the important roles of social intermediate institutions is to prepare people for accepting their new economical role, and entering the field of entrepreneurship. In our country, Basij is one of the most important and efficient social institutions. By the same token, Basij is expected to involve itself in the oncoming period of economical development, which is referred to as the economic revolution. Entering the field can be explained by delineating the strategic map of entrepreneurial development in Basij organization. This mapis formulated by considering Basij's strengths and weaknesses, as well as the opportunities and threats facing this institution. On the basis of these findings, the fourstrategies specific to Basij are formulated and explained for developing entrepreneurship in the society, namely strengthopportunity, strength-threat, weakness-opportunity, andweakness- threat.

entrepreneurship and transferring practical researches from the universities to industry, and followed by that, transferring the results achieved to the society have been analyzed and examined as key issues by the policymakers and decision makers in both industry and universities. The effective relationship between universities and research centers withindustry and the related sectors in the society, enabling the public sector to participate in science and technology production and facilitating access to advanced technologiesneeded by the country all have been emphasized in the General Policies of Fifth Development Plan. This is entirely impossible without providing targeted (material andspiritual) supports to elites and technology and science innovators and the competent students in the country through helping them in product and service production andsupporting their research achievements. Considering the importance of developing knowledge-based cooperatives in economic development and employment creation and the fact that there is a value-based and people-based organization called National Basij Organization, planning and presenting a model for developing employment and business by means of establishing cooperatives, determining the strategies and the effective factors in developing entrepreneurship, supporting commercializing the products produced by the cooperatives active in technology sector is of an increasing importance.Having examined the effective factors in establishing and developing small and medium knowledge-based cooperatives in universities, this article will present an interactional modelfor establishing Basij’s knowledge-based cooperatives. It hopes that its results will be helpful for, and used by, the concerned policymakers and managers in National BasijEngineering Organization.

Entrepreneurship is any kind of effort to establish a new business, a process of producing value accompanied by unique sources in order to avail of an opportunity. Despite itscomplexity and being interwoven with problems happening in the society, culture, policy and economy, the mechanisms of entrepreneurship and employment creation can simply be built upon youths’ volunteer activities, youths’ institutions, and spontaneous establishments through an opportunityoriented approach. Every organization is in a position to develop the present status of its entrepreneurship and employment creation. The Construction Basij Organization is an institution which is based on the young generation's labor. As a social and opportunity-oriented entrepreneurial organization, the Construction Basij Organization is among the new organizations that are firmly based on Basij’s thought, culture, as well as on its movement-oriented identity and its record in Jihad performance. Despite contributing to creation of backgrounds for entrepreneurship and employment creation at macro level, it presents national and native choices in this field. In addition to studying the performance of the Construction Basij Organization(programs and activities) at both national and regional level in contributing to providing and developing the backgrounds for youths’ employment creation and entrepreneurship in past years, this article explains the roles Basij expects to play, as well as the ways for developing entrepreneurship specially among youths and adolescents, on the basis of Basij’s volunteer nature, and its dispersion based on social status, and network activities.

The move towards entrepreneurship is tantamount to activating the economical engine of the country which culminates in creating jobs, making an effective use of theresources and renewing the national life. Therefore, regardless of what and how the activity is to be conducted, the entire organizations do need it for the realization ofwhich they ought to try. This article tries to study the way Basi Organization enters the field of organizational entrepreneurship by presenting a strategic model of organizational entrepreneurship based on content variables in organizations. Off course, due to the fact that the native model is lacking in this regard, it tries to present the intendedmodel using a model based on background. For this purpose, it establishes a strategic relationship between organization environment, management style and structure, as well as organizational culture, and based on that, it begins to classify the specialized organizations of Basij under three types; namely idea maker, idea cultivator, and idea performer. On the other hand, the inclination towards entrepreneurship constitutes one of the factors that shape organizational entrepreneurship. Considering the remarkable commonalities between the determinants of Basiji culture and thought, and the determinants of entrepreneurship, these determinants are studied under three groups. Finally, the outcomes of the presented model lead to viability of the system, and enhancethe organizational performance. The conceptual model presented enjoys the capability of being counted as a basis for the entrance of the organization under study into the fieldof entrepreneurship.

The way the room for modern business in the country has expanded meaningfully and its peripheral circumstances accompanied by the important economical, political, andcultural events have all doubled the need for employing the modern techniques of marketing knowledge- as an original function in businesse's competitiveness- in developingemployment and entrepreneurship. As it is, the convergence and application of the rich cultural achievements in this country, one of the valuable cases of which is the Basiji wayof thinking, together with the successful experiences and achievements of the private sector will constitute an effective measure that contributes to the success of the development plans and the regime's outlook. This study presents a 16- stage model in the interactions between the teachings that inform the guerilla marketing technique and the Basiji way of thinking with the aim of developing entrepreneurship.